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One of the key basic discussions about lift trucks is taking into consideration the stability triangle and the center of gravity. Among the most complicated things for an operator of a lift truck to determine is the importance of maintaining their center of gravity within their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
So as describe it clearly, a forklift has a 3-point suspension system. When imaginary lines are drawn between these three points, the stability triangle is formed. The operator needs to make sure that the center of gravity, that is created, along with his load and the machinery itself, remains in the stability triangle in order to prevent the forklift from losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How is the center of gravity defined? When in regards to utilizing a lift truck, we must be concerned not only with the center of gravity of the load being lifted but as well with the combined center of gravity. This comprises the lift truck as well as the load it is picking up.
The load center is defined as the center of gravity of the load. In a uniform load situation, such as a bale for example, the load center could be more easily detected. A uniform load on a 48 inch long pallet, for instance, will have the load center at twenty four inches. This load center is really common for lots of lift trucks with smaller capacity. Then again, if a load is not properly centered, like with things which are not symmetrical, maybe an engine for instance, then a lot of caution and care have to be taken in order to estimate the center of gravity.
Moreover, the lift truck has a center of gravity of its own. This shifts each and every time the lift truck picks up a load. When the load is lifted, the center of gravity shifts forward. Care must be taken to be able to maintain the center of gravity in the stability triangle of the forklift. This happens by following the numbers and not carrying more than the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. As well, the load center should be taken into account. Be very careful whenever lifting the load, the load center moves forward too.
Lift trucks or forklifts are powered industrial trucks which are normally used in the transportation and lifting of materials for different applications. These kinds of machinery are commonly utilized in the warehousing, dockside, construction and mining operations.
The forklift can be called by lots of different names, depending on their uses. Several different examples of these names are: trailer loaders, fork trucks, lift trucks and stacker trucks. These machinery are utilized throughout the world, mostly in the manufacturing and warehousing business.
The first forklifts made their debut in the mid 19th century and the start of the 20th century, when they were used as part of the construction of the 1906 Pennsylvania railroad. At that time, platform trucks were introduced to be able to help in moving goods. These first platform trucks run on batteries. The trucks regained their popularity in WWI when extreme shortage of labor occurred due to all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts really arrived on the market to stay.
There are essentially 2 main types of forklift: those dealing with heavy cargo and those which can handle light loads. The light units consist of: side loaders, towing tractors, walkie starters and hand pallet trucks. These types of machines are meant for handling lighter loads and they are not ideal for really heavy loads. The specific load capacity of the machine is posted in the owner's guidebook and on the equipment itself. A few examples of the big truck types consist of: walkie order picking trucks, truck mounted forklifts and telescopic handlers.
